Excavator ring gears primarily serve to transmit power and motion, change rotational speed and torque, alter rotation direction, facilitate long-distance transmission, provide smooth transmission and cushioning, ensure precise transmission, and enable various forms of motion.

As a crucial component in the walking and slewing reduction gearboxes of excavators, the role of the ring gear is manifested in several key aspects:

1. Power and Motion Transmission: Through the meshing of two or more gears, the power and motion of one gear can be transmitted to another gear, driving the operation of the entire mechanical system.

2. Change in Rotational Speed and Torque: By combining gears of different sizes, it is possible to increase or decrease rotational speed and change torque. For example, a large gear driving a small gear can increase speed and reduce torque, while a small gear driving a large gear can decrease speed and increase torque.

3. Change in Rotation Direction: By designing the tooth profile and installation method of gears, it is possible to change the direction of rotation. For instance, two meshing bevel gears or helical gears can reverse the rotational direction of the input shaft on the output shaft.

4. Long-Distance Transmission: In certain mechanical equipment, long-distance transmission is required due to spatial layout or operational needs. Gear transmission can achieve remote power transfer through a combination of intermediate shafts and multiple gears.

5. Smooth Transmission and Vibration Damping: Gear transmission is characterized by excellent smoothness, as the meshing of gear teeth can distribute loads and reduce impact. Furthermore, by designing the tooth profile and material of gears, vibration damping effects can be achieved to protect mechanical equipment from damage.

6. Precise Transmission: Gear transmission offers high transmission precision, enabling precise control of speed ratios and positions, which is particularly important for mechanical equipment requiring high-precision transmission.

7. Multiple Forms of Motion: Through complex gear combinations and mechanism designs, various intricate forms of motion such as indexing motion and intermittent motion can be achieved, making gear transmission widely applicable in automated equipment and complex mechanical systems.

In conclusion, the ring gear in excavators plays a vital role in ensuring the normal operation and high efficiency of excavators.