The primary function of the excavator’s step valve is to adjust the pressure of the hydraulic system by utilizing the principle of balance between hydraulic pressure and spring force, thereby controlling other actions related to pressure.

As a key component of the hydraulic system, the step valve enables various functions by adjusting the hydraulic pressure. Its roles include:

– Maintaining a Constant Pressure in the Hydraulic System: The valve ensures that the system operates within a normal working range, preventing system failures or damage caused by excessively high or low pressure.

– Providing Low Pressure for Certain Return Oil: This helps achieve precise control of specific components, such as fine operational movements, by supplying a pressure that is lower than the total system pressure.

– Maintaining a Pressure Difference or Pressure Ratio Between Two Circuits: This is crucial for enabling various actions and functions of the excavator.

– Relieving Pressure When the System Exceeds a Set Limit: This serves a safety function, preventing system overload.

– Creating Back Pressure for Stable Movement of Hydraulic Devices: By applying back pressure, the movement of hydraulic devices can be made more stable, reducing vibrations and shocks.

– Controlling the Actions of Other Components Via Pressure Signals: The pressure signal can be used as a control signal to trigger the actions of other hydraulic components, facilitating complex operational sequences.

Common pressure control valves include relief valves, pressure reducing valves, sequence valves, back pressure valves, unloading valves, and pressure relays. These valves work in coordination to ensure that the excavator operates safely and effectively under various working conditions.